These otters have very short claws that do not extend past the fleshy pads of their partly webbed toes making their forepaws very dexterous. They forage with their sensitive paws to locate prey in murky water or mud. They also have stiff whiskers called “vibrissae” that can detect the movement of prey in the water. They catch prey with their paws not with their mouth like other otters.
Classification
| CLASS: | Mammalia |
| ORDER: | Carnivora |
| FAMILY: | Mustelidae |
| GENUS: | Aonyx |
| SPECIES: | cinerea |
Habitat & Range
Small-clawed otters adapt to a variety of aquatic habitats from tropical coastal wetlands to freshwater rivers and creeks as well as mountain streams and even rice paddies.
Southeast Asia from northern India to southeastern China, the Malay Peninsula and parts of Indonesia.
Location
Adaptations
Aquatic Adaptations
Otters have long streamlined bodies enabling them to swim rapidly and change direction quickly when pursuing prey. Their muscular tail helps propel them through the water when swimming fast and is also used like a rudder to help them steer. They close off their ears and nostrils when swimming and can dive underwater for 6-8 minutes at a time. They have dense fur consisting of two layers – a soft insulating under fur to keep them warm and an outer layer of waterproofed guard hairs to keep them dry.
Musky Warning
Otters communicate mainly through the use of scent marking to establish territorial boundaries. Scent glands near the tail deposit a strong musky scent on their feces. Their scent marked feces called “spraint” is then deposited on tree trunks, trails and rocks. They also communicate with a vocabulary of a dozen calls including a distress call used when they need help.
Claws, Paws and Whiskers
These otters have very short claws that do not extend past the fleshy pads of their partly webbed toes making their forepaws very dexterous. They forage with their sensitive paws to locate prey in murky water or mud. They also have stiff whiskers called “vibrissae” that can detect the movement of prey in the water. They catch prey with their paws not with their mouth like other otters.
Physical Description
- Small-clawed otters have a head-body length of 18-24 inches (45-61 cm) with a 10-14 inch (25-35 cm) tail.
- They weigh six to 12 pounds (2.7-5.4 kg).
- They have long, slender bodies with dark gray-brown fur on their body and lighter cream-colored fur on the face and throat.
- They have partially webbed toes and very short claws that do not extend past the fleshy pads of the toes.
- They have broad cheek teeth, small ears and stiff whiskers.
Diet
What Does It Eat?
In the wild:
Fish, frogs, crabs, mussels, snails, crayfish, insects, snakes.
At the zoo:
Primarily a fish diet
What Eats It?
Aquatic predators such as crocodiles and large snakes.
Social Organization
Asian small-clawed otters are the most social of the otter species living in extended family groups of 12-20 individuals. Only the alpha pair breeds and previous offspring help raise the young.
Life Cycle
These otters form monogamous pairs for life. Breeding can occur throughout the year and mated pairs can have two litters per year. After a gestation of 60 days a litter of 1-6 (usually 2) pups are born in a nesting burrow dug into the muddy riverbank. Males help build the nest burrow and provide food after the pups are born. Otter pups are born relatively undeveloped with eyes closed weighing only two ounces (50 gm). They spend the first few weeks nursing every 3-4 hours. They open their eyes at about 40 days and begin venturing outside the den after about 10 weeks. They begin taking solid food at about 80 days, are weaned at about 14 weeks and can swim at about 3 months. They reach adult size in about 6 months. Lifespan in the wild is 11-16 years.
